Chapter XVIII · Location 18 of 22
Chapter 18 · Open to readFrom Apocalypse · Douay–Rheims / Challoner (1749–1752)
Why is mystical Babylon condemned to catastrophic ruination, and how do worldly beneficiaries mourn her sudden fall?
Atlas of Saints · Chapter summary
Mystical Babylon falls under swift, total divine judgment for her idolatrous luxuries, commercial exploitation of human souls, and slaughter of the saints, provoking desperate laments from kings and merchants while heaven and the apostles rejoice at God's vindication.
Chapter breakdown
Following these portents, John beholds another celestial herald descending from heaven with immense authority, illuminating the entire globe with his glorious radiance. The angel proclaims with a thunderous voice that the renowned capital Babylon has experienced utter collapse, becoming a desolate lair for malevolent spirits, foul entities, and detestable birds. Her downfall stems from seducing all global societies into the intoxicating cup of her corrupting idolatry, leading earthly monarchs into moral compromise while commercial merchants amassed lavish wealth catering to her extravagant luxuries. A subsequent voice from heaven summons the Lord's faithful people to depart immediately from her confines, so they avoid participating in her transgressions and escape her impending chastisements. Because her cumulative guilt has reached the heavens and God has remembered her iniquities, celestial justice decrees that she receive double recompense for her wicked deeds. In proportion to her arrogant self-exaltation and boastful claim that she reigns as an unassailable queen immune to widowhood or grief, she will suffer sudden death, mourning and famine, and burning with fire in a single day under the righteous strength of God.
Earthly sovereigns who once shared her illicit privileges stand far off in terror at the smoke ascending from her blaze, bewailing the sudden ruination of that mighty citadel in a single hour. Global merchants join in bitter weeping, mourning the abrupt cessation of their trade, since no buyers remain for their precious inventories of gold, silver, precious stones, pearls, fine linen, purple, silk and scarlet; thyine wood; vessels of ivory, precious stone, brass, iron and marble; cinnamon, odours, ointment, frankincense, wine, oil, fine flour, wheat, beasts, sheep, horses, chariots, slaves and souls of men. All the coveted luxuries and refined delicacies that fed her self-indulgence have vanished irrevocably. Enriched merchants stand far off for fear; every shipmaster, those sailing into the lake, mariners and workers at sea view the billowing smoke from afar, scattering dust upon their heads in sorrow as they lament how such immense wealth and maritime commerce were dissolved in one tragic hour. Yet while worldly beneficiaries despair over their lost revenues, heaven and the holy apostles and prophets are commanded to exult, because the Almighty has vindicated their cause by executing righteous judgment upon their oppressor.
To dramatize the absolute permanence of this overthrow, an angel of tremendous strength hoists a boulder resembling a massive millstone and hurls it violently into the ocean depths, proclaiming that with comparable violent force the great city Babylon will be cast down, never to be found again. From that moment onward, voices of harpers, musicians, pipers and trumpeters falls permanently silent within her walls. No skilled artisan of any trade will ever labor there again, nor will the grinding rumble of millstones be heard in her neighborhoods. The comforting gleam of household lamps will never shine again, and the joyful voices of brides and grooms will cease forever. Her influential merchants were once the titans of the earth, leading global nations astray through deceitful sorceries; but within her ruins is discovered the shed blood of consecrated prophets, saints, and all who were slain upon the earth.
The story inside
Context: An angel whose glory illuminates earth announces Babylon fallen and become a habitation of devils and unclean spirits and birds. Stakes: Her sins reach heaven; God’s people are commanded to leave to avoid sins and plagues, and double recompense is commanded according to her works. Action: She boasts queenly immunity from sorrow; her plagues shall come in one day. Kings and merchants shall lament afar for fear; mariners stand afar, cast dust and lament lost wealth. Consequence: Heaven, apostles and prophets are commanded to rejoice. An angel casts a millstone-like stone into sea and predicts Babylon’s permanent absence, with music, craft, mill, lamp and bridal voices no more. Limits: Announced fall, future plagues and future silences are distinguished. No city identity or general commerce doctrine is newly supplied here.
Lessons worth keeping
- 1The one-day plagues are death, mourning and famine, followed by burning with fire.
- 2The cargo includes metals, jewels, textiles, vessels, fragrances, food, animals, chariots, slaves and souls of men.
- 3The mariners’ lament says one hour brings desolation; blood of prophets, saints and all slain on earth is found in her.
Test your recall
Why is an angel seen casting a great millstone into the sea, and what does this action signify about the fate of Babylon?
Source edition and notes
Douay–Rheims, revised by Richard Challoner (1749–1752). Project Gutenberg no. 1581. Locators refer to lines in the admitted pg1581.txt edition. Source notes may include Challoner commentary.
Lines 139832–139844
18:2. And he cried out with a strong voice, saying: Babylon the great is fallen, is fallen: and is become the habitation of devils and the hold of every unclean spirit and the hold of every unclean and hateful bird: 18:3. Because all nations have drunk of the wine of the wrath of her fornication: and the kings of the earth have committed fornication with her; And the merchants of the earth have been made rich by the power of her delicacies. 18:4. And I heard another voice from heaven, saying: Go out from her, my people; that you be not partakers of her sins and that you receive not of her plagues.
Lines 139869–139883
18:11. And the merchants of the earth shall weep and mourn over her: for no man shall buy their merchandise any more. 18:12. Merchandise of gold and silver and precious stones: and of pearls and fine linen and purple and silk and scarlet: and all thyine wood: and all manner of vessels of ivory: and all manner of vessels of precious stone and of brass and of iron and of marble: 18:13. And cinnamon and odours and ointment and frankincense and wine and oil and fine flour and wheat and beasts and sheep and horses and chariots: and slaves and souls of men. 18:14. And the fruits of the desire of thy soul are departed from thee: and all fat and goodly things are perished from thee. And they shall find them no more at all.
Lines 139907–139924
18:21. And a mighty angel took up a stone, as it were a great millstone, and cast it into the sea, saying: With such violence as this, shall Babylon, that great city, be thrown down and shall be found no more at all. 18:22. And the voice of harpers and of musicians and of them that play on the pipe and on the trumpet shall no more be heard at all in thee: and no craftsman of any art whatsoever shall be found any more at all in thee: and the sound of the mill shall be heard no more at all in thee: 18:23. And the light of the lamp shall shine no more at all in thee: and the voice of the bridegroom and the bride shall be heard no more at all in thee. For thy merchants were the great men of the earth: for all nations have been deceived by thy enchantments. 18:24. And in her was found the blood of prophets and of saints and of all that were slain upon the earth.
