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Atlas of Saints

1 Esdras

Chapter 2 · Douay–Rheims / Challoner

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Chapter II · Location 2 of 10

Chapter 2 · Open to read

From 1 Esdras · Douay–Rheims / Challoner (1749–1752)

What orders of people, registry counts, and freewill offerings constituted the assembly that returned to Judea from Babylonian captivity?

Atlas of Saints · Chapter summary

The assembly that returned from Babylon comprised forty-two thousand three hundred and sixty people organized by ancestral lineages, towns, and ministerial orders, accompanied by strict documentary exclusion of unverified priests and substantial offerings of gold and silver for rebuilding the temple.

Chapter breakdown

The children of the province who had been carried away to Babylon by King Nabuchodonosor returned from captivity to Jerusalem and Juda, every man to his own city. They journeyed under the leadership of Zorobabel, Josue, Nehemia, Saraia, Rahelaia, Mardochai, Belsan, Mesphar, Beguai, Rehum, and Baana.

The census recorded the men of the people of Israel by ancestral families: the children of Pharos, two thousand one hundred and seventy-two; Sephatia, three hundred and seventy-two; Area, seven hundred and seventy-five; Phahath Moab, of the children of Josue and Joab, two thousand eight hundred and twelve; Elam, one thousand two hundred and fifty-four; Zethua, nine hundred and forty-five; Zachai, seven hundred and sixty; Bani, six hundred and forty-two; Bebai, six hundred and twenty-three; Azgad, one thousand two hundred and twenty-two; Adonicam, six hundred and sixty-six; Beguai, two thousand and fifty-six; Adin, four hundred and fifty-four; Ather of Ezechias, ninety-eight; Besai, three hundred and twenty-three; Jora, one hundred and twelve; Hasum, two hundred and twenty-three; Gebbar, ninety-five; and Harim, three hundred and twenty. The men of ancestral towns were likewise enumerated: Bethlehem, one hundred and twenty-three; Netupha, fifty-six; Anathoth, one hundred and twenty-eight; Azmaveth, forty-two; Cariathiarim, Cephira, and Beroth, seven hundred and forty-three; Rama and Gabaa, six hundred and twenty-one; Machmas, one hundred and twenty-two; Bethel and Hai, two hundred and twenty-three; Nebo, fifty-two; Megbis, one hundred and fifty-six; the other Elam, one thousand two hundred and fifty-four; Lod, Hadid, and Ono, seven hundred and twenty-five; Jericho, three hundred and forty-five; and Senaa, three thousand six hundred and thirty.

The sacred ministry was organized into several orders. Among the priests returned the children of Jadaia of the house of Josue, nine hundred and seventy-three; Emmer, one thousand and fifty-two; Pheshur, one thousand two hundred and forty-seven; and Harim, one thousand and seventeen. The Levites of the children of Josue, Cedmihel, and Odovia numbered seventy-four. The singing men of the children of Asaph numbered one hundred and twenty-eight. The porters of the children of Sellum, Ater, Telmon, Accub, Hatita, and Sobai totaled one hundred and thirty-nine. The Nathinites comprised thirty-five named family lines (Siha, Hasupha, Tabbaoth, Ceros, Sia, Phadon, Lebana, Hegaba, Accub, Hagab, Semlai, Hanan, Gaddel, Gaher, Raaia, Rasin, Necoda, Gazam, Asa, Phasea, Besee, Asena, Munim, Nephusim, Bacbuc, Hacupha, Harhur, Besluth, Mahida, Harsa, Bercos, Sisara, Thema, Nasia, and Hatipha), while the children of the servants of Solomon comprised ten named lineages (Sotai, Sopheret, Pharuda, Jala, Dercon, Geddel, Saphatia, Hatil, Phochereth of Asebaim, and Ami). All the Nathinites and the children of the servants of Solomon together numbered three hundred and ninety-two.

Certain returnees from Thelmela, Thelharsa, Cherub, Adon, and Emer—the children of Dalaia, Tobia, and Necoda, numbering six hundred and fifty-two—could not show their father's house or their seed, whether they were of Israel. Furthermore, among the children of the priests, the children of Hobia, Accos, and Berzellai (who took a wife of the daughters of Berzellai the Galaadite and was called by their name) sought the writing of their genealogy and found it not; they were consequently cast out of the priesthood. Athersatha ruled that they should not eat of the holy of holies until there arose a priest learned and perfect.

The entire multitude together as one man numbered forty-two thousand three hundred and sixty. (An annotation in the text explains that the itemized numbers of the tribes of Juda, Benjamin, and Levi fall short of this sum, the remainder being made up of the other tribes.) Besides these, their menservants and womenservants numbered seven thousand three hundred and thirty-seven, among whom were two hundred singing men and singing women. Their beasts included seven hundred and thirty-six horses, two hundred and forty-five mules, four hundred and thirty-five camels, and six thousand seven hundred and twenty asses. When some of the chief of the fathers came to the temple of the Lord in Jerusalem, they offered freely to the house of the Lord to build it in its place, giving according to their ability sixty-one thousand solids of gold, five thousand pounds of silver, and one hundred garments for the priests. The priests, Levites, some of the people, the singing men, the porters, and the Nathinites then dwelt in their cities, and all Israel in their cities.

The story inside

Context: The children of the province who had been led into captivity by Nabuchodonosor returned from Babylon to Jerusalem and Juda, every man to his city. Stakes: Re-establishing the community in Judea required enumerating families and ministerial orders, verifying ancestral lineages, and securing resources to rebuild the temple of the Lord. Action: Led by Zorobabel, Josue, and other elders, the community registered lay households and towns, numbered priests, Levites, singers, porters, and temple servants, reported exclusion of unverified priestly claimants, followed by Athersatha's restriction on eating the holy of holies, and gathered freewill offerings of gold, silver, and garments. Consequence: An assembly of 42,360 individuals, alongside 7,337 servants and their livestock, returned to Judea, contributed sixty-one thousand solids of gold and five thousand pounds of silver, and settled across their ancestral towns. Limits: Lineage records were decisive; families lacking documented ancestry could not prove their Israelite seed, and disqualified priestly claimants were forbidden to eat of the holy of holies until a priest learned and perfect should arise.

Lessons worth keeping

  1. 1
    The preservation of detailed genealogical registries maintained the identity and sacred order of the returning covenant community.
  2. 2
    Documentary verification governed access to the sacred ministry, excluding claimants without genealogical writing from the priesthood; Athersatha then forbade them to eat of the holy of holies until a priest learned and perfect should arise.
  3. 3
    Voluntary offerings given according to ability provided the material foundation for rebuilding the house of the Lord.

Test your recall

What ruling did Athersatha give regarding priestly claimants who could not find their genealogical registers?

Source edition and notes

Douay–Rheims, revised by Richard Challoner (1749–1752). Project Gutenberg no. 1581. Locators refer to lines in the admitted pg1581.txt edition. Source notes may include Challoner commentary.

  1. Lines 47941–47943

    Who came with Zorobabel, Josue, Nehemia, Saraia, Rahelaia, Mardochai, Belsan, Mesphar, Beguai, Rehum, Baana. The number of the men of the people of Israel:
  2. Lines 48093–48094

    And Athersatha said to them, that they should not eat of the holy of holies, till there arose a priest learned and perfect.
  3. Lines 48096–48097

    All the multitudes as one man, were forty-two thousand three hundred and sixty:
  4. Lines 48118–48120

    According to their ability, they gave towards the expenses of the work, sixty-one thousand solids of gold, five thousand pounds of silver, and a hundred garments for the priests.

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